徐闻8种珊瑚共附生真菌的分离及初步鉴定     

肖胜蓝  雷晓凌  徐佳  李翰祥  王力卫  佘志刚  钟敏  林华娟 《广东海洋大学学报》2011,(6):91-95

从徐闻珊瑚保护区的8种珊瑚中分离共附生真菌,以获得珊瑚共附生可培养真菌的多样性信息。选用5种培养基,采用平板涂布法培养分离共附生真菌,并进行形态鉴定。8种珊瑚共分离121株真菌,鉴定了其中97株真菌,分属于14个属,青霉属和枝孢霉为优势种属,其次是曲霉属和木霉属。二异角孔珊瑚上分离出22株,数量最多;盔型珊瑚上分离菌株数量最少仅8株。除优势种属外,不同珊瑚样品上真菌种类分布有较大差异,炭角菌属和葡萄穗霉菌属均来源于盔形珊瑚,镰刀菌属在盔形珊瑚和角孔珊瑚上较为常见,盔形珊瑚样品上还分离出2株散囊菌属,1株节菱孢属,因此盔形珊瑚的种群最为丰富;不同培养基分离真菌的能力不同,淀粉培养基分离的菌株最多占所有分离菌株的30.6%,CDA培养基最少,但种类特异。  相似文献   

Engaging Diasporas for Development: a case study of Pitcairn Island     

Maria Amoamo 《The Australian geographer》2015,46(3):305-322

Diaspora engagement is a growing trend and many governments, international organisations and policy makers are increasingly focusing on the role of diaspora in development strategies for the homelands. Such policies are predominantly critical to island-dense regions such as the Caribbean and Pacific that have suffered high rates of outmigration during the postcolonial period. One such Pacific island is Pitcairn, a British Overseas Territory, and is the focus of this article. But while most of the literature focuses on the positive benefits of diaspora engagement, this paper examines the dynamics of diaspora (dis)engagement and (dis)affection. Each diaspora has a unique set of needs and capabilities based on its historical experience and the present realities of its countries of origin and destination. While much has been written celebrating the role of diasporas in development, diaspora have also shown themselves to have dual natures, with sometimes conflicting identities and allegiances. Based on analysis of a recent Pitcairn Diaspora Survey and ethnographic data, discussion in this paper reveals that the best intentions of engaging diaspora for development can be impeded by several factors including: (1) the complex nature of identity, place and politics; (2) difficult negotiations between past, present and future intentions of movers; and (3) shifting ‘roots/routes’ and boundaries of identification. Consequently, the paper aims to highlight the realities of settlement and relationships of diaspora space and subjectivity with the homeland.  相似文献   

Discrete wavelet‐based trend identification in hydrologic time series     

Yan‐Fang Sang  Zhonggen Wang  Changming Liu 《水文研究》2013,27(14):2021-2031

Trend identification is a substantial issue in hydrologic series analysis, but it is also a difficult task in practice due to the confusing concept of trend and disadvantages of methods. In this article, an improved definition of trend was given as follows: ‘a trend is the deterministic component in the analysed data and corresponds to the biggest temporal scale on the condition of giving the concerned temporal scale’. It emphasizes the intrinsic and deterministic properties of trend, can clearly distinguish trend from periodicities and points out the prerequisite of the concerned temporal scale only by giving which the trend has its specific meaning. Correspondingly, the discrete wavelet‐based method for trend identification was improved. Differing from those methods used presently, the improved method is to identify trend by comparing the energy difference between hydrologic data and noise, and it can simultaneously separate periodicities and noise. Furthermore, the improved method can quantitatively estimate the statistical significance of the identified trend by using proper confidence interval. Analyses of both synthetic and observed series indicated the identical power of the improved method as the Mann–Kendall test in assessing the statistical significance of the trend in hydrologic data, and by using the former, the identified trend can adaptively reflect the nonlinear and nonstationary variability of hydrologic data. Besides, the results also showed the influences of three key factors (wavelet choice, decomposition level choice and noise content) on discrete wavelet‐based trend identification; hence, they should be carefully considered in practice. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于形态法的西北太平洋柔鱼种群结构研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李思亮  陈新军  刘必林  马金  曹杰  张广文 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,40(3)

西北太平洋柔鱼是我国鱿钓渔业重要捕捞对象,种群结构是渔业生物学研究的基础内容.文中根据2007年7~10月40°N~45°N,151°E~158°E海域连续采集的1 342尾柔鱼样本,测定其胴长(ML)、腕长等12项形态指标,利用正态线性转化、主成分分析和判别分析等方法研究雌雄个体的种群结构.结果表明,该海域雌、雄柔鱼均存在大小2个种群.均数差异显著性表明,雌性个体2个种群在MW/ML和FW/ML存在显著差异,雄性个体在MW/ML和AL_3/ML存在显著差异,但其形态差异仍属于种内差异.主成分分析和逐步判别分析的判别准确率(雌性60.3%,雄性60.1%),说明所划分的种群在部分形态比指标上差异明显.研究认为,形态学指标可初步区分西北太平洋柔鱼种群,但需结合其他生态学指标和耳石等硬组织进一步划分.  相似文献   

黄河入海口冲积平原覆盖区近地表岩土特性与识别方法     

张光德  张加海  韩文功  王增明  于小刚 《海洋地质前沿》2010,26(1)

黄河三角洲冲积平原区近地表岩性变化剧烈,重点从黄河三角洲浅层沉积模式分析了岩性分布差异,统计了不同岩土的塑性、应力、压缩特性规律,探索了利用这种岩性特征差异识别岩性的方法,为地震采集提供准确的激发层段,为地震资料处理提供精细的静校正量。  相似文献   

Risk identification and perception in the fisheries sector: Comparisons between the Faroes,Greece, Iceland and UK     

Diana Tingley  Jóhann Ásmundsson  Edward Borodzicz  Alexis Conides  Ben Drakeford  Ingi Rúnar Eðvarðsson  Dennis Holm  Kostas Kapiris  Sakari Kuikka  Bogi Mortensen 《Marine Policy》2010

This paper presents the findings of risk identification and risk perception research conducted in relation to the fisheries systems of four distinct and diverse European countries: Faroes, Iceland, Greece and the UK. Risk research traditionally attempts to quantify the potential threat or consequences from a range of risk events or hazards. This research, however, adopted a social sciences perspective and so assumed that a risk event or hazard can mean different things to different people and that these perceptions are also context and culturally dependent. Risk perceptions were examined and risk registers developed in each country for a range of stakeholder groups. A ‘mental modelling’ approach was adopted in a series of qualitative interviews. Findings were examined in terms of a wide range of psychological, social and cultural risk theories. Differences in risk perceptions were noted between stakeholder groups and countries and contextual influences were examined such as the widely differing fisheries management systems used in each country. This research provides one of the first attempts to systematically evaluate risks and perceptions across a range of fisheries-systems. The findings support social science theories which argue that risk is a subjective, as opposed to objective, concept and that this subjectivity will therefore affect our attempts to assess and manage those hazards we think we can potentially influence or control.  相似文献   

Enhanced identification of a hydrologic model using streamflow and satellite water storage data: A multicriteria sensitivity analysis and optimization approach   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Fuad Yassin  Saman Razavi  Howard Wheater  Gonzalo Sapriza‐Azuri  Bruce Davison  Alain Pietroniro 《水文研究》2017,31(19):3320-3333

Hydrologic model development and calibration have continued in most cases to focus only on accurately reproducing streamflows. However, complex models, for example, the so‐called physically based models, possess large degrees of freedom that, if not constrained properly, may lead to poor model performance when used for prediction. We argue that constraining a model to represent streamflow, which is an integrated resultant of many factors across the watershed, is necessary but by no means sufficient to develop a high‐fidelity model. To address this problem, we develop a framework to utilize the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment's (GRACE) total water storage anomaly data as a supplement to streamflows for model calibration, in a multiobjective setting. The VARS method (Variogram Analysis of Response Surfaces) for global sensitivity analysis is used to understand the model behaviour with respect to streamflow and GRACE data, and the BORG multiobjective optimization method is applied for model calibration. Two subbasins of the Saskatchewan River Basin in Western Canada are used as a case study. Results show that the developed framework is superior to the conventional approach of calibration only to streamflows, even when multiple streamflow‐based error functions are simultaneously minimized. It is shown that a range of (possibly false) system trajectories in state variable space can lead to similar (acceptable) model responses. This observation has significant implications for land‐surface and hydrologic model development and, if not addressed properly, may undermine the credibility of the model in prediction. The framework effectively constrains the model behaviour (by constraining posterior parameter space) and results in more credible representation of hydrology across the watershed.  相似文献   

几种典型近地表有限导体瞬变电磁特征响应研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈曙东  郭树旭  张爽  袁志文  朱俊  张海洋  方东 《地球物理学报》2017,60(1):403-412

近地表有限导体的瞬变电磁响应中包含其形状、结构特征,如何建立这些特征与其响应之间的关系是近地表有限导体探测与识别的核心问题.本文建立了几种典型有限导体响应的三维感应偶极子模型,通过有限导体早期幂函数衰减的幅度与速率、晚期指数衰减的幅度与时间常数共四个模型参数表征有限导体的形状和结构特征,利用最小二乘拟合算法提取这些模型参数,揭示有限导体的形状、结构特征与模型参数之间的内在联系.理论与实验研究结果表明:具有绕球心旋转对称性的球形目标体,其三维感应偶极子响应完全相同,早期响应呈幂函数衰减,晚期呈e指数衰减,信号幅度和时间常数均能很好反映球体半径与材料特性;具有绕轴旋转对称性目标体,其三维感应偶极子响应部分相同,早期幂函数衰减的幅度与速率主要体现目标体的长度特征,晚期e指数衰减的时间常数体现了目标体的外径与壁厚特征;非轴对称性目标体,其三维感应偶极子响应均不相同,各个感应偶极子参数差异较大.本文的研究对提高瞬变电磁系统区分轴对称目标体与金属碎片能力,降低系统探测虚警率具有重要意义.  相似文献   

关于建立斑岩型铜矿床勘查标识体系的初步探讨     

李莎莎  陈华勇  汪礼明 《大地构造与成矿学》2019,43(5):991-1009

斑岩型铜矿床勘查标识体系,是建立在全球超大型.大型斑岩型铜矿床丰富研究成果和勘查经验基础上,凝炼不同矿床之间的共性和差异性来作为斑岩型铜矿床普适性标志和区分标准,探寻矿床特征与勘查方法之间的内在联系,最大程度结合科研成果,优选科学的勘查方案并给出评价依据,构建以地质事实→成矿机制研究→勘查方法应用“三位一体”的勘查标识体系。该体系架构分为矿床地质、矿床成因机制和勘查方法三个部分。建立斑岩型铜矿床勘查标识体系将有利于增进对斑岩型铜矿床的有效勘查。本文以特提斯.喜马拉雅成矿域的西藏驱龙斑岩型铜.钼矿床、环太平洋东段成矿域的智利ElTeniente斑岩型铜.钼矿床和中亚成矿域东部的蒙古OyuTolgoi斑岩型铜.金矿床三个超大型斑岩型铜矿床为例,重点对比勘查标识体系中矿床地质和致矿岩体地球化学特征,归纳提炼不同矿床之间的共性和差异,对构建斑岩型铜矿(床)勘查标识体系进行初步探讨。研究结果显示:产于不同构造环境下的三个斑岩型铜矿床中均发育钾化带、青磐岩化带和绢英岩化带;铜矿化在钾化带和绢英岩化带中均有发育,钼矿化更倾向于在含水蚀变如绢云母化带、石英.绢云母蚀变部位,金矿化赋存于钾化带发育部位;矿化中心向矿区外围硫化物具有斑铜矿→黄铜矿(+斑铜矿)→黄铁矿的分布规律,铜矿化和钼矿化相叠加,但高品位的铜钼矿体相分离。驱龙矿床未发育ElTeniente矿床和OyuTolgoi矿床共有的(高级)泥化蚀变,可能与其形成环境或剥蚀有关。在地球化学数据收集中,为了确保数据分析的有效性提出筛选方法和程序。岩石地化数据结果显示:致矿斑岩体主要由30%~50%斜长石斑晶和60%左右基质(石英、钾长石)组成,均为高钾钙碱性、过铝质、埃达克质岩石,具有相似的右倾型稀土元素配分模式;但是致矿岩体的硅碱成分、稀土元素配分模式、Sr-Nd同位素表现出与产出环境一致的变化规律,Sr/Y-Y图解显示ElTeniente矿床较驱龙矿床和OyuTolgoi矿床的致矿岩体表现出更典型埃达克岩特征。总之,斑岩型铜矿勘查标识体系的提出和以三个矿床为例的初步探讨为下一步构建该勘查体系奠定了一定的基础。  相似文献   

Application of PSO-LIBSVM in Recognition of Potassium Salt Deposits     

Fuqiang Yang  Kegui Chen  Changbing Huang  Yuanyuan Chen  Jin Li  Xiaolin Ma 《地球科学进展》2019,34(7):757-764

The shortage of potassium salt seriously restricts the development of China's agriculture. Increasing the exploration and development of potash will help improve the self-sufficiency of potassium in China. With rich potassium salt resources, Sichuan basin is one of the most important research areas for potash exploration and development in China. Polyhalite is an important solid potassium salt mineral in Sichuan basin, often intercalated in rock minerals such as anhydrite, rock salt and dolomite. Aiming at the problem that conventional log interpretation methods are difficult to accurately identify polyhalites, this paper proposed a new Support Vector Machine (SVM) recognition method based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to classify polyhalites in Sichuan basin. Based on particle swarm optimization and support vector machine theory, combined with logging interpretation theory, the effective data sensitive to polyhalite logging response were selected as input samples to generate training sets and test sets randomly. The Radial Basis Function (RBF) parameters were optimized by particle swarm optimization, and the classification and prediction model of polyhalite was established. Compared with mud logging results, the recognition accuracy of SVM model based on particle swarm optimization reached 97.5758%, which is obviously better than that of SVM model optimized by cross validation method in recognition accuracy and speed. The results show that the model has broad application prospects in potash exploration in Sichuan basin.  相似文献